The Island of Palmas Case (or Miangas): Table of Contents

The Special Agreement of January 23rd, 1925     (1)^[1]

I. The proceedings     (4)

II. General observations

The subject of the dispute        (5)
The origin of the dispute        (5)
Facts not contested         (6)

Order for considering the arguments of the Parties (6)
The arguments of the Parties (7)

General remarks on territorial sovereignty      (7)
Admissibility of evidence    (10)

III. Arguments of the United States

Title by cession       (11)
Title by discovery        (12)
Title by Treaty (Treaty of Münster)        (15)
Display of sovereignty by Spain        (19)
Evidence from maps        (20)
Title arising out of contiguity        (22)

IV. Arguments of the Netherlands

Contracts with the native rulers of the Sangi Isles        (23)
The question to be answered       (24)

Preliminary points raised by the United States
The East India Company and the contracts with native rulers (25)
The identity of the Island (24)

Evidence as to the display of Netherlands sovereignty
  17th & 18th centuries        (29)
  19th century        (31)
  20th century        (32)

V. Conclusions        (33)

^{1 Page reference numbers for the PDF version of the Award}